These are the participles of the modals. They all use haben as auxiliary.
| Modal - Infinitive | müssen | dürfen | können | wollen | sollen | mögen |
| Participle | gemußt | gedurft | gekonnt | gewollt | gesollt | gemocht |
You will not encounter these participles often. Why? Remember,
modals typically use a dependent infinitive such as this
(present tense!):
= Ich will nach Hause gehen.
If you express this in present perfect tense, you will get this:
= Ich habe nach Hause gehen wollen.
Instead of a participle, a double infinitive is used, the modal moving to the end (in a regular main clause).
Sometimes, a modal is used without a dependent infinitive (when
the action is more or less obvious):
= Ich kann Deutsch.
[sprechen or something similar being implied]
To express this in present perfect, the "regular", "real"
participle is used:
= Ich habe Deutsch gekonnt.
As far as word order is concerned, it is the same as described for future tense or modal verbs.
Note: This can also occur with the verbs HÖREN, SEHEN, FÜHLEN, SPÜREN, HELFEN, LASSEN. Compare:
In a relative clause the modal still
goes at the end:
= "..., die ich noch nie habe singen hören."
The conjugated verb here is haben.
|
If you cannot enter special characters directly: * Cut & Paste the appropriate character from here: ß - Ä - ä - Ö - ö - Ü - ü * Or, for the "ß" use the capital letter "B" (or an "sz"), for umlauts use these transcriptions: ä = ae; Ä = AE; ü = ue etc. |
© 1998ff. Horst Kurz. All rights reserved.